Annatto is obtained from the outer most layer of the seeds of the tropical tree named Bixa orellana L. The principle pigment in annatto, called bixin, is a carotenoid, which is contained in the resinous coating surrounding or encapsulating the seed itself. Processing of it may alternatively involve aqueous alkaline hydrolysis with simultaneous production of norbixin. Traditionally, water or vegetable oil were being used used as a suspending agent, although solvent extraction is now also employed to produce more purified annatto extracts. The unmordented cotton provides dull shades but by using proper mordant, the colour & brightness of the colouring cloth can surely be increased and then offers beautiful orange. The colourful dye which is extracted from bixa is non-carcinogenic. From Literature, it is seen that due to its non-toxic nature, dye is extensively used in dairy-industry for colouring butter, ghee, cheese, margarine, ice cream, chocolate, meats, cereals, confectionary, spices etc.
(A) Wet the fabric with wetting agent/soapnut(Reetha) or normal wash with water at 50 degree for 20 mins.
(B) Pre Mordant :- Pre-treat the material with alum 12% of fabric weight at 85°C for 60 mins.
(C) Dyeing :- Add the required amount of dye to the dye bath. PH of dye bath needs to be maintained at pH 9. If it is higher than pH, 9 add vinegar, if below pH 9, use lime or soda ash. Stir well to dissolve the dye. Add fabric to the dye bath and maintain at 95°C for 60-80 mins. We check all our natural dyes at 5% of fabric weight; you can amend the percentage as per lighter or darker shade required.
(D) Post Treatment :- Conduct soaping of the dyed material with non-ionic detergent (0.5gpl) or ezee soap at 50°C for 35 mins.
(E) Then conduct cold wash of the material at 50°C for 20 mins or more time.
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