Plantgalls are abnormal outgrowth of plant tissues caused by various parasites, particularly insects. Oak marbal galls are Chinese Sumac galls are gall on Oak and Chinese Sumac, respectively which resembles nuts and are called “gallnuts” or “nutgalls”Are small tree or shrub 2-5m high, native of Greece, Asia Minor and Iran. This tree yields the Oak galls, used widely in dyeing and tanning. The galls contains tannic acid (gallotannic acid) as the principle constituent (50-70%) They contain gallic acid, ellagic acid, gum, starch, sugar and essential oils. Is used extremely for its astringent effect. The galls are said to find extensive application in tanning, dyeing, mordanting and in the manufacture of ink.When used on its own gallnut extract produces beiges on wool, cotton, silk. With an iron after bath the colour changes to grey and black. This extract can also be used to sadden other colours. Gallnut extract is also very useful for the mordanting effect of the tannic.
(A) Wet the fabric with wetting agent/soapnut(Reetha) or normal wash with water at 50 degree for 20 mins.
(B) Pre Mordant :- Pre-treat the material with alum 12% of fabric weight at 85°C for 60 mins.
(C) Dyeing :- Add the required amount of dye to the dye bath. PH of dye bath needs to be maintained at pH 5. If it is higher than pH, 5 add vinegar, if below pH 5, use lime or soda ash. Stir well to dissolve the dye. Add fabric to the dye bath and maintain at 95°C for 60-80 mins. We check all our natural dyes at 5% of fabric weight; you can amend the percentage as per lighter or darker shade required.
(D) Post Treatment :- Conduct soaping of the dyed material with non-ionic detergent (0.5gpl) or ezee soap at 50°C for 35 mins.
(E) Then conduct cold wash of the material at 50°C for 20 mins or more time.
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